In the history of philosophy there is a theme that has dominated its essence, which has constituted its backbone, source of ideas and different views but the common denominator of virtually thought all philosophers who have tried to give us your opinions: understanding self, understanding man, explain the existence and characteristics of being both in word meaning of the verb to put into action the subject as to be substantive, and even more, with adjective that completes it, makes it unique and gives the miracle of life: the human being.
This is as well that the name of science and philosophy began under the name "metaphysics" or "first philosophy" by Aristotle studying and treating the question of Being as such, their properties, principles, causes (strictly speaking the name of the discipline as "Metaphysics is accidental and resulted from the books written on this subject were arranged in the library of Aristotle and his Academy books after "Physics" and from there the concept of "Meta" - "Physics", a concept that lasts until today and continue to apply to the study of being).
The curious thing is that although a detailed analysis of the concept is not so clear in the world of Philosophy is being, what are we really?.
Martin Heidegger, the extraordinary contemporary German philosopher (he lived between 1889 and 1976), revolutionized the approach to philosophy holding that there was a key mistake in the Metaphysics that went back to the origin of thought (came to reveal something like a new truth Copernican) had been confused with the definition of being of being, similar but distinct concepts. Ente, in the sense that interests us here is an expression of authority, derived from the Latin " entis," which expresses the particularity that characterizes what it is. It is a concept that is associated with the origin, nature of being, with his personality, but that does not define precisely the concept of Being What Heidegger comes to support, with an ontological analysis of the matter is that all men can be and represent an entity but at the time this body has Being (something like that, let me extreme example in this metaphor, but as a good bottle of wine and its content, where the bottle can be labeled finely beings, who gives company the name, "party" to the delicious product packaged but the true meaning of being the wine gives it its content, the taste of its flavor, its smooth journey through our senses, which "is there " inside the bottle, that's your self). Heidegger
develops a key term to explain that German is the Self: utilizes the concept " Dassein " this is the Self of Man. In German "Dassein" means "existence", the "there of being" the place in which to be deployed, is shaped and expressed (in our example that "wine" that has formed in grapes, with weather, with hot and cold, with their land, their time, with its winds, its process, its oaks, their barrels, their packaging and so much more). In his most famous book, Being and Time, which never concluded, Heidegger begins by explaining that "there" that we are daily, which is called "being in the world " because it is inevitably influenced and even shaped by things and occupations that make up just their world. This is what the Self, which, unlike the wine is much more complex than the liquid to a vine crop because it is a human. It is precisely the characteristics of life that are to be, where you have to see their reasoning, the decisions it takes, "being with others" to provide that frame of events and causes that are to be (something like Ortega y Gasset was called the "I and my circumstance"). That Being, of all days, their ability to think and reason, has a unique condition known for his intellect understands that time is running out, you know temporary status, known mortal (as is so this característifica unifying humans call us all as "deadly" as a synonym for what we are) and to be authentic it is improper to deny it. Just knowing the authenticity of mortal, defines man as "being toward death " in the language of Heidegger, the "Dassein mortal" who must live their lives with intellectual honesty, living with a view to an end and that is MY valuing death (no other) that is me in a unique being who lives between-between the end of nowhere where we come to the point of death where we go. And that this "between" what makes us unrepeatable and gives us an extraordinary power: no one be like us ...
Martin Heidegger in a dark and complex texts where the writing sometimes seems indecipherable as Dred-subliminal message to be aware of our limitations, we have shown precisely the difficulty of being, the intricate way to go to understand the thousand and influences that shape the "being there." This is the essence of a being. Heidegger insists that requires the authenticity necessary to realize that what being is while it is being, while touring this between, between nothingness and death, is time. That is what we have to death: Time. That is to be there: between ...
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